Virulence factors contribute to a pathogens ability to cause disease. a. pathogens complimentary Which of the following is NOT considered a bloodborne pathogen? D Strep throat and pneumonia, __________ are single celled organisms. mononucleosis is most common amoung the elderly. Acupuncture is a form of alternative medicine that is used for pain relief. 3. basophils Through a drop of infected blood on healthy skin. active, neutral perchlorate is released as a gas form rockets but is then dissolved into water in the atmosphere or when it falls to the ground, The Language of Composition: Reading, Writing, Rhetoric, Lawrence Scanlon, Renee H. Shea, Robin Dissin Aufses, Literature and Composition: Reading, Writing,Thinking, Carol Jago, Lawrence Scanlon, Renee H. Shea, Robin Dissin Aufses. 2. In Model 1 a pathogen (virus, bacteria, foreign protein, parasite) has entered the bloodstream of an individual. Which type of disease is this? A(n) __________ pathogen causes disease only when conditions are favorable for the microorganism because of transfer to an inappropriate body site or weakened immunity in an individual. helper T cell What does this mean for the movement of this chemical through the environment? The hallmark symptoms of meningitis include all of the following except? Workplace Bloodborne Pathogens Toll-Free 1-877-922-7233 Program #07-108 www.osha-safety-training.net Employee Training Quiz - Workplace Bloodborne Pathogens 1. ", "Hepatitis C, or HCV, has a high rate of chronic infection with an estimated _________ cases in the United States.". Section: 07.02, Which of the following is not a sign of inflammation? 24. You have recently identified a new toxin. Bloodborne Pathogens are microorganisms in blood that may cause disease in humans. A __________ cannot live without its host for very long. AIDS They are both forms of active immunity. 2 Q One-celled plants and animals are called: unicells. pathogens are one of the major sources of environmental risks. hay fever 1. they are lost as we age. microorganisms that cause disease varicella zoster is the cause of chickenpox hiv is the causative agent of AIDS Vectors include insects some types of escherichia coli are normal flora of the a. urinary tract b. respiratory tract c. colob d. circulatory system c. Colon It is one of the most common bacterial causes of diarrhea and the most common cause of foodborne-related hospitalizations and deaths. Include a diagram in your explanation. in a household with smokers, which of the following health outcomes is most likely to occur, if a family was exposed to arsenic over a long period of time, which of the following health outcomes would be most likely, nervous system disorders and problems in brain development leading to low IQ. (c) What initiates the period of decline? passive, active Bloodborne pathogens are: -Viruses and bacteria -micro-organisms -Carried in the blood -Transmitted by other potentially infectious materials Which of the following is NOT considered a bloodborne pathogen? <>/ExtGState<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 816.96] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> IgE, IgM Explain three reasons why biofilm formers are more pathogenic. they act indiscriminately against all pathogens. Section: 07.03, In ______ immunity the individual produces antibodies against particular pathogens while in ______ immunity the individual is given specific antibodies against a pathogen. - it is an opportunistic pathogen in putting on ppe, the first article to put on is the which of the following is not OSHA standard? delayed allergic This mutation affects the A-subunit, preventing it from interacting with any host protein. Phospholipases are enzymes that do which of the following? The new gorilla brought a virus that infects gorillas without causing disease, but is virulent to chimpanzees. Which of the following is NOT a pathogen? C. It is an example of an adhesin. Section: 07.03, Phil was exposed to parasitic worms on a recent field trip to the tropics. sAR@`c&bChM=U,:n^W#*@'P|P\(Fdhv '?t2.qzM57r%e %KO%Li'[Tqo\,j6m Explain three reasons why biofilm formers are more pathogenic. How much to the bowl? These pathogens include, but are not limited to, hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). B Measles phagocytosis is involved. Neglect rolling friction. Ability to be transported initially to the host 2. Which of the following statements about the treatment of viruses is not true? OSHA Standard 29 CFR 1910.1030 is directed towards which healthcare concern? False, False The bacterium is probably which of the following? A very hot 300 g copper cylinder is dropped into the water, causing the water to boil, with 5.00 g being converted to steam. One of the most important steps I can take to prevent exposure to bloodborn pathogens is to be mindful of my surroundings at all times in the clinical setting. All of the following are effective strategies for preventing the common cold, except? *IgM antibodies activate the complement and clump cells. Biofilm forms EPS, which allows the bacteria to remain attached to the host tissues. Section: 07.03, What two sites are involved in the production and maturation of T lymphocytes? a vaccination. Primary pathogens are capable of causing pathological changes associated with disease in a healthy individual. q"]dg' ~2CqfR Z:+ C2'\&zQH4U^;D},}y 7HhTKy/5z'/wj\jB}H+Dzzke/}^bTY9bH]K0mY&0 j0#\0p(-&T"vUYIAcD+Hdb->[[~@+u@*i!VI7kiT.&S6dI&ezre^Zm;U;-)oR.s. ~s9(kB4)a26;]DP/>EahC_6KaKfho s2Lr`P(L"eG5dM|cGzU\BVszPdQj-XT2%dsg*fs9]XG%ZZ4cCzaOOzdivV> Cilia, fimbriae, and pili are all examples of structures used by microbes for __________. Period of decline = pathogen particles start to decline - slightly less than maximum The concentration of pathogen needed to kill 50% of an infected group of test animals is the __________. B cell activated; antigen binds to BCR; B cell divides; plasma cells form a generalized and nonspecific set of defenses against a class or group of pathogens. Which of the following is not a bacteria disease? Which of the following must a pathogen possess in order for it to be successful at causing infectious disease? Section: 07.02, In SCID, antibodies are missing but T cells function normally. *They use up nutrients and release wastes, preventing pathogenic bacteria from gaining a foothold. A Virus 26. AIDS is associated with the destruction of the white blood cells in the body. A person steps on a rusty nail and develops tetanus. True or false: IgE, IgE They activate the complement system which punches holes in the invading pathogen. A Protozoans period of decline, during which the number of pathogen particles begins to decrease, and the signs and symptoms of illness begin to decline. thyroid and tonsils How many people die each year from HCV related liver failure? A communicable disease that can be easily transmitted from person to person is which type of disease? Which type of disease is this? During an oral surgery, the surgeon nicked the patients gum with a sharp instrument. If you have a __________, you literally have a plant living on your body. 7. although standard precautions apply to all potentially infections situations, TBPs are chosen based on the potential means of transmission of the disease or condition. A difference between an acute disease and chronic disease is that chronic diseases have an extended period of __________. Which of the following is defined as a plant or animal so small it can only be seen with a microscope? - B cells - antibodies - T-Cells - inflammation 2 See answers Advertisement They use up nutrients and release wastes, preventing pathogenic bacteria from gaining a foothold. red blood cells, macrophages It is an injection of serum that contains antibodies. As a mountain erodes, sediment can accumulate in a nearby _____. Eukaryotes Phagocytes are both mobile and found in fixed locations throughout the body. Safety glasses are not necessary when working with BBP? ;N>!yOl9;F/QZ~>$l{i"ZIW&t"NJV\fpL[ #T&~3-#b|Cs?^(qVtRgCi)b/)VEf8*5a=b\UZA`p\-X4U%PoHq+*`4#.CG 6Bmt{#&K-S paiYWkv'LgeWIZ IV.# ^Y9+~q)_rAfbomv%el Undifferentiated B-cells remain as memory cells. phagocytosis ______________ include cells from humans, animals, plants, protozoa, fungi, and most algae. If the lymph system did not do its job, what would be one of the consequences? 10. IgE *Autoimmune diseases can be genetic or environmental. Which of the following is not one of the functions of the lymphatic system? Explain how the current discovery of the presence of this reported P. aeruginosa could lead to a recurrence of nosocomial disease. She suspects that the bacterium's fimbriae are a virulence factor. a. an aerotolerant anaerobe b. an obligate aerobe c. an obligate anaerobe d. a facultative anaerobe View Text Answer Jump To Question Access the complete course and earn ASCLS P.A.C.E.-approved continuing education credits by subscribing online. This should be quickly treated with B. promote pathogen spread through connective tissue. *Cytokines regulate white blood cell formation so they are being investigated as a possible treatment for AIDS. Laws against___ have been challenged in court on the grounds that they violate one's constitutional rights. Section: 07.05, Human Anatomy Physiology Laboratory Manual Main Version, Anatomy and Physiology: An Integrative Approach, Michael McKinley, Theresa Bidle, Valerie O'Loughlin. Section: 07.02. The lymphatic system will play a role in defending the body against pathogens and maintaining a state of homeostasis. Which of the following are most likely to be pathogens a Macroparasites b. The glycoprotein adhesion gp120 on HIV must interact with __________ on some immune cells as the first step in the process of infecting the cell. Ability to damage the host The characteristics of a pathogen that determine its virulence include which of the following? IgG possess specific receptors. Question: 33 Which of the following protozoan supergroup - pathogen pairs is incorrect? Section: 07.02. *IgM antibodies are the first produced by a plasma cell. *The spleen cleanses the blood. Any visible signs of illness could affect the observations made. In July 2015, a report1 was released indicating the gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa was found on hospital sinks 10 years after the initial outbreak in a neonatal intensive care unit. C Protozoa Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Bloodborne diseases are most commonly spread through mother-to-child transmission, unprotected sex, and:, Which of the following describes proper use of PPE to safeguard against exposure to bloodborne pathogens?, If you are exposed to a bloodborne pathogen while at work, your employer must offer you post-exposure evaluation and . We]D!DTJewEj(dd.v,"t?huBwh7Vr5qjazNlAZO;8?&EToAb#xBxjzl?ch"x\}CAASM{Pj\^ViATinfMi\k+>!aOi/_gw]6/U)M~+ 8c Zj-L*c. u|m_0 O0"Nff ~#e thymus and bone marrow <>>> Which of the following would be a virulence factor of a pathogen? "Unlike HBV for which a vaccination exists, currently there is no vaccination for HCV". The EPS protects the bacteria from the host's immune response. rheumatic fever inactivating their ribosomes. It is composed mostly of protein, has high toxicity, and is not heat stable. %PDF-1.5 Section: 07.05, Cytokines are signaling molecules produced by T lymphocytes. 8 00:48:34 Multiple Choice Supergroup Amoebozoans - Giardia intestinalis (Giardiasis) Supergroup Amoebozoans - Entamoeba histolytica (Amoebiasis) Supergroup SAR - Plasmodium (Malaria) Supergroup Excavata. epinephrine. What are pathogens? Distinguish between the signs and symptoms of disease in Brian's case. active Nb['hm C. collagenase Bloodborne pathogens areinfectious microorganisms in human blood that can cause disease in humans. D antibodies. active Section: 07.04, Cytokines assist in regulating white blood cell formation. all of the following are true statements concerning mononucleosis except? Diseases can either be noninfectious (due to genetics and environment) or infectious (due to pathogens). 1. Immunity produced by the injection of gamma globulin is known as what? OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens Quiz 1: Microorganisms & the Chain of Infection Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. C. Plasmodium D Polio, Which disease is often called the "kissing disease" because you can get it from contact with saliva? Find P(X = k) for k = 0, 1, 2, and 3. IgA, IgM Uploaded By AndreaM8. B Bacteria sebaceous secretions Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like pathogens are one of the major sources of environmental risks. IgG antiviral drugs can completely eradicate viral infections. You have recently identified a new toxin. Inflammation is a response to infection or injury that helps the body heal. Which of the following are most likely to be. Which of the following is the correct definition of the term Nosocomial Infection? They release histamine which causes blood vessels to become permeable. Section: 07.02. B Fungi Section: 07.03, In antibody-mediated immunity where does the antigen first bind? T cells can recognize antigens because they What is the name of the lymphatic vessels located in the small intestines? Bloodborne pathogens are infectious microorganisms in human blood that can cause disease in humans. OSHA is responsible for the general safety and well-being of employees in almost all workplace environments and is a part of the United States Department of Labor, "In regards to bloodborne pathogen awareness and exposure prevention, you are held to the level of accountability as any other person working in the healthcare setting.". Identify the similarities and differences between a lake and a stream. 1. Section: 07.04, The RhoGAM shot given to Rh negative mothers with an Rh positive fetus is an example of what type of immunity? passive, neutral Section: 07.03, Which of the following is in the correct order in the formation of antibodies? It is produced by a gram-negative bacterium. Section: 07.04, Before working at the hospital, Beth was given a Mantoux skin test to detect tuberculosis. False, True 35. TCR B Inchworms Modify the Programming Project from earlier chapter so that the program reads a series of items from a file and displays the data in columns. PTd?M5I$w7AKvnC=_$QisBH " Rjob/V? B Measles False 2. They cause an inflammatory response that kills pathogenic bacteria upon contact. Protozoal infection may lead to ht edevelopmen t of all the following conditions except? He has a fever of 38 C (100.4 F) and complains of nausea and a constant migraine. Infect healthy rats with the pathogen (i.e., the wild-type strain) and observe signs of disease (phenotype).Identify the gene that is responsible for the production of the fimbriae. Section: 07.03, People with allergies do not produce IgE. Noise b. True 4. a set of barrier mechanisms that adapts to specific pathogens after repeated exposure. delayed allergic who should not get vaccinated for meningitis? D Protozoa, Which two diseases can be life threatening? Who is not at high risk for contracting MRSA? Eleanor Noss Whitney, Ellie Whitney, Frances Sizer, DIET200 Chapter 4: Digestion and Absorption. Which of the following is a pathogen that could not be identified by the original Kochs postulates? *(c) ion. 1. As a result, the patient developed bacterial endocarditis (an infection of the heart). Add back the fimbriae gene (on a plasmid) into the mutant to construct a complemented strain. Where does the lymphatic system empty into the cardiovascular system? The concentration of pathogen needed to kill 50% of an infected group of test animals is the __________. adaptive, innate "As a student, I am NOT required to receive the Hepatitis B vaccination prior to starting my clinical rotations. 1 0 obj Describe the motion of air particles inside an inflated balloon. False, False Which of the following would be a virulence factor of a pathogen? B. capsule answer choices Virus Bacteria Fungi Parasite/Protist They are all alive Question 2 10 seconds Q. Nosocomial diseases are acquired from hospital settings. Rhino virus True or False: Breast milk is considered a possible transmission source of bloodborne pathogens. A communicable disease that can be easily transmitted from person to person is which type of disease? Which of the following are considered Personal Protective Equipment or PPE? )IAjBhX3d_FXLM5[7w ;crmYzw=4+7+ts37m?FW`4Tm*;`BGAQx ."VE1 25. A Bacteria They phagocytize any pathogenic bacteria that attempt to infect. Section: 07.02, Monocytes become what type of cell in the tissue? *Monocytes become macrophages once they enter the tissues. Describe how molecular Kochs postulates could be used to test this hypothesis. You also discover that it targets liver cells. answer choices virus bacteria fungus parasite/protist Question 3 30 seconds Q. ", Organisms or the toxins they produce that can cause disease in people or animals are known as, "Any item that has the potential to pierce, cut, or puncture the skin should be disposed of in a proper puncture proof container immediately after being used.". cell-mediated Which pathogen is most virulent? This mutation affects the A-subunit, preventing it from interacting with any host protein. A Mononucleosis Test Prep. A. Candida Blood is the only bodily fluid that can carry pathogens. the bacterium becoming most resistant to antibiotic treatments, such as penicillin, is known as what? Which period is the stage of disease during which the patient begins to present general signs and symptoms? AIDS IgD Which of the lymphatic organs is also part of the skeletal system? antigen binds to BCR; B cell divides; B cell activated; plasma cells form interferon. During which stage of the infection process is an individual highly contagious? Section: 07.04, If you were vaccinated against the mumps virus and later exposed to it, you would still be infected but it would not be as bad as if you had never been vaccinated. The virus infected the gorillas and chimpanzees, but only the chimpanzees got sick since the virus is not a pathogen to gorillas. The relative risk of exposure to bloodborne pathogens is great. 2003-2023 Chegg Inc. All rights reserved. Which of the following is not considered an administrative control to prevent or minimize BBP exposure? The organism that attaches itself to healthy cells is called a/an: A virus. Endotoxin is the lipid A component of the LPS of the gram-negative cell envelope. Which of the following is a major virulence factor for the fungal pathogen Cryptococcus? they work very, very quickly. Explain how the current discovery of the presence of this reported P. aeruginosa could lead to a recurrence of nosocomial disease. Two periods of acute disease are the periods of illness and period of decline. heat Proper and regular hand washing is the key to the prevention of the spread of nosocomial infections, "According to the 2011 Tork Report, you come in contact with 300 surfaces every 30 minutes exposing you to ___________ germs! Candida can invade tissue by producing the exoenzymes __________ and __________. In July 2015, a report was released indicating the gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa was found on hospital sinks 10 years after the initial outbreak in a neonatal intensive care unit. plasma cell Blood is the only bodily fluid that can carry pathogens. inflammatory response, inflammatory response a part of the membrane attack complex of the complement system 32. An employee, who has an occupational exposure potential with blood or OPIM, does not need to notify their supervisor as to the existence of an open sore. Signs of a disease are objective and are measured. Microbe c. Protozoa b. Bacteria d. Fungii ____ 2. Endotoxin is the lipid A component of the LPS of the gram-negative cell envelope. Fungal and parasitic pathogens use pathogenic mechanisms and virulence factors that are similar to those of bacterial pathogens. C infection. *Active immunity involves making your own antibodies against an antigen, whether it is introduced via an infection or a vaccination. Needlesticks and other sharps-related injuries may expose workers to bloodborne pathogens. which biological agent is not considered by terrorist for the mass destruction of people? A . -Cough etiquette they only act internally. How often is bloodborne pathogens training required? Based on these characteristics, how would you classify this toxin? They are both forms of passive immunity. Symptoms: nausea and migraine. IgD 28. Which of the following is not required as part of an organization's exposure control plan? plasma cells form; B cell activated; B cell divides; antigen binds to BCR B. keeps the pie chilled before serving it. Or is it also valid to say that the Sun goes around the Earth? 3 0 obj Diseases that involve biofilm-producing bacteria are of serious concern. *In active immunity the individual produces antibodies against particular pathogens and in passive immunity the individual is given specific antibodies against a pathogen. HCG It is characterized by redness, swelling, and pain. Myasthenia gravis Small parasitic worms that attack specific tissues or organs are known as what? The human leg can be compared to a physical pendulum, with a "natural" swinging period at which walking is easiest. ", "The use of gloves does not eliminate the need for proper and regular hand washing. Section: 07.04, What are the first antibodies produced by a plasma cell? ____ 1. *The correct order is: antigen binds to BCR; B cell activated; B cell divides; plasma cells form. possess specific receptors. (proficiency; vagrancy). True OSHA mandates that all employers are required to develop an Exposure Plan outlining what steps are to be taken to prevent exposure to bloodborne pathogens. *Hay fever is a hypersensitivity. Let the upper rod have a mass of 7.0kg7.0 \mathrm{~kg}7.0kg and the lower rod a mass of 4.0kg4.0 \mathrm{~kg}4.0kg. OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens Quiz 2: Statistics & Pathophysiology Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. Organisms that carry and pass on the pathogen without getting the disease, some types of escherichia coli are normal flora of the, the most important way to stop the spread of infection is through. Bacterial toxins include endotoxin and exotoxins. IgM Thaks po Advertisement Advertisement New questions in Science. Section: 07.05, Which class of antibodies plays a role in activating the complement and clumping cells? Acupuncture is a form of alternative medicine that is used for pain relief. 2. Rheumatoid arthritis is associated with chronically inflamed joints. (c) What initiates the period of decline? i0g:M&$"w I4EBKLVE^Jqrv>A5N\ damage resulting in cell lysis Margination is defined as the process in which monocytes stick to the wall of the blood vessels at the site of infection Which of the following pairs is mismatched? Draw the symbol that represents the pathogen. Of the three options listed, which is the preferred method to protect employees from exposure to blood or OPIM? (a) The patient exhibits the signs and symptoms of the disease in both of these periods. neutral, active, active, passive A. hemolysin This page titled 15.E: Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity (Exercises) is shared under a CC BY 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by OpenStax via source content that was edited to the style and standards of the LibreTexts platform; a detailed edit history is available upon request. a. redness They are both forms of neutral immunity. - virulence by inducing host cells to self destruct Which of the following best describes the innate nonspecific immune system? possess fimbrae. Therefore, it causes breaks in the skin that could serve as a portal of entry for pathogens. *Allergic responses are hypersensitivities (greater sensitivities). A. degrade antibodies If clearly labeled, food and drink are permitted in areas where BBP exposures may occur. Myasthenia gravis develops when antibodies attach to and interfere with the function of neuromuscular junctions. If it were positive, the site of the test would become hardened and red. IgE antibodies are responsible for the immediate allergic response and protection against parasitic worms. Which of the following is a pathogen that could not be identified by the original Koch's postulates? Which type of isolation requires the following: keep the patient in a separate room with the door closed; all staff wear protective gowns, masks, and gloves; and . Section: 07.03, Shaun was in need of a kidney transplant. *(a) gas-liquid. A(n) __________ infection is a small region of infection from which a pathogen may move to another part of the body to establish a second infection. Protozoa adhere to target cells through complex mechanisms and can cause cellular damage through release of cytopathic substances. OSHA mandates that all employers are required to provide the Hepatits B vaccination to employees free of charge. Infect healthy rats with the complemented strain and see if the severity of disease is comparable to when rats are infected with the wild type pathogen. True They release histamine which causes blood vessels to become permeable. Explain how acupuncture could facilitate exposure to pathogens. *True, cytokines are produced by T lymphocytes, macrophages, and other cells. True Signs: fever I will be given an exposure plan by my clinical instructor/coordinator detailing what steps I should take if I am exposed to a potentially infectious source while at my clinical site. A difference between an acute disease and chronic disease is that chronic diseases have an extended period of __________. Julio and his dinner guests are likely to experience food-borne illness if he A. wipes the knife used to cut up the raw chicken on a hand towel before using the knife to cut up the salad vegetables. A bacterial infection called lyme disease is spread by what? 36. This allowed Streptococcus, a bacterium normally present in the mouth, to gain access to the blood. 29. (f) gel filtration. C Mumps The Centers for Disease Control estimate that there are about _______________ people living with HIV in the United States. Cytokines are being investigated for a possible treatment of which disease? He has a fever of 38 C (100.4 F) and complains of nausea and a constant migraine. alex pietrangelo family, counterintuitive examples in science,